Steam-generator.



No. 813,098. PATBNTED FEB. 20, 1906. W. S. JOHNSON.

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLIGATION FILED JULY 24, 1905.

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UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEErcE.`

STEAM-GENERATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 20, 1906.

Application led July 24, 1905. Serial No. 271,060.

To all whom/ it nui/,y concern' Be it known that I, WARREN S. JOHNSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-'Generators, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention pertains to improvements in steam-generators, the construction and advantages of which will be hereinafter set forth, reference being had to the annexed drawings, wherein- Figure l is a vertical sectional View of the boiler, the coils being shown in elevation, Fig. 2, a like view, the line of section being at right angles to that of Fig. l; Fig. 3, a top plan view of the coils, and Fig. 4 an end elevation ofthe coils as seen from the end opposite that shown in Fig. 1.

The main object of the present invention is to produce a steam-'generator which will quickly generate steam and superheat the same, the construction being such that the water Hows in at the upper portion of the generator and. the superheated steam passes out from the lowermost ortion, at which point the greatest degree Orp heat is obtained.

A further obj ect of the invention is to provide a structurevin whichthe water or other liquid to be vaporized is prevented from gravitating to the lowermost or hottest coils, a pump being employed to force the water into and through the coils, as required.

A still further object is to so construct and connect the series of coils which constitute the generator that they will occupy a minimum amount of space, the convolutions of the coils being vertically disposed and each alternate coil having its convolutions running in a direction opposite to those of the next adjacent coil or coils, so that the convolutions of the coils will be nested.

The generator is especially applicable to road-vehicles which are propelled by steam, inasmuch as it will quickly generate and superheat the steam, and by reason of :its peculiarly compact construction occupies relatively little space.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the boiler or generator housing B, the iue leading therefrom 5 C, the grate, and D the support for the generator-coils. Any desired fuel may be used, and as will be readily appreciated a liquid-fuel burner is preferably employed when the generator is used upon a road-vehicle.

E denotes a water-pump, the liquid passing therefrom through a pipeF to the end G of a coil H, the convolutions of which stand in a vertical position. As will be seen upon reference to Fig. 3, said coil H is a right-hand one, and its rear end or terminal I is connected to the rear end or terminal J of a lefthand coil H, which lies in the same horizontal plane as said iirst coil H and immediately adjacent thereto. A third coil H2 (the same being formed as a right-hand coil) is connected at its forward terminal K to the front or forward terminal L of said second coil H.

M designates a left-hand coil, which is connected to the rear end or terminal I of coil H2, said. coil M lying directly below the righthand coil H2. The lower portion of the convolutions of the coil H2 and the upper portion of the convoluti ons of the coil M stand in substantial parallelism, the convolutions of one coil, however, being in line with the space between the convolutions of the other coil, so that the adjacent portions of the coils may pass in between one another, or, in other words, the coils may be nested to a considerable extent. The two coils when thus nested will be seen to occupy but three-fourths of the vertical height or space which would normally be required were they not so arranged.

M and M2 designate right and left hand coils, respectively, said coils lying in the same horizontal plane or tier as coil M and nesting with the coils H and H, which stand immediately above them. Said coils M, M, and M2 are connected in series in the same manner as the upper tier of coils.

A third series or tier of horizontally-disposed coils N, N, and N2, the outer ones being right-hand coils and the .intermediate one, N, being formed as a left-hand coil, lie immediately below said second set of coils M, M, and M2, coil N being connected to the forward end or terminal of coil M2, while each of the coils N, N, and N2 is connected to each other in the manner described in connection with the other coils. The upper portions of the vertically-disposed convolutions of the IOO coils N, N, and N2 nest with the lower portions of the vertically-disposed convolutions of the coils M2, M, and M, respectively.

A fourth series 'or tier of horizontally-disposed coils-namely, a left-hand coil O, a right-hand coil O', and a left-hand coil O2- is arranged in the same manner below the coils N, N', and N2, while a fifth series-P, P, and P22- rest upon the supporting member D immediately below the said fourth series.

The first coil O of the fourth series is connected with the terminal of the last coil N2 of the third series, while the last coil O2 of the fourth set or series is connected with the iirst coil P of the fifth series, and all the coils of each of said sets O, O, and O2 and P, P, and P2 are connected in series in the same manner as the preceding sets. The terminal Q of the last coil P2 is connected with a pipe It, which conveys the superheated steam to any suitable point.

From the foregoing it will be noted that the coils are connected in series throughout, the coils being alternately right and left and those of any one of the vertical series-as, for instance, II, M2, N, O2, and P-being likewise alternately right and left. By this arrangement the adjacent portions of the convolutions may be nested, thereby effecting a material saving in space.

By placing the convolutions of the coils in a vertical position, or substantially so, the water is prevented from gravitating from the upper to the lower coils, so that the lower series of coils or the two lower series, which lie nearest to the source of heat, become, in effect, superheating-coils.

It will be understood that a greater or less number of coils may be employed, as desired.

The nested coils cause the products of combustion to take a tortuous path on their way to the flue B, whereby the heat units are utilized to the greatest possible extent.

I am aware that it is not new, broadly considered, to employ nested coils. I am also aware that it is not new to introduce water into the upper portion of a boiler and to employ means to prevent such water from gravitating to the lowermost and hottest portion of the heater. I am not aware, however, that any one previous to this invention has employed a series of nested horizontally-disposed coils the convolutions of which stand in a vertical position, combined with means for introducing the water into the uppermost coil of the connected series and forcing the same therethrough toward the source of heat, which stands closest to the lower coils (or coil) of the series.

The term "horizontally disposed as used in this specification and the appended claims is not to be literally construed. It is conceivable that the axes of the coils might be other than truly horizontal and the convolutions still perform the function of preventing the water from gravitating.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim isl. A vapor-generator, comprising a series of horizontally-disposed coils the convolutions of each coil extending in a direction reverse to that of the next adjacent coil, with the convolutions of one coil passing into spaces between the convolutions of the adj acent coil, the coils being connected in series.

2. A vapor-generator, comprising a series of horizontally-disposed, serially-connected coils arranged one above another7 the convolutions of each coil extending in a direction reverse to those of the next adjacent coil or coils, the proximate sections of the convolutions of each of the adjacent coils being nested.

3. A vapor-generator, comprising a series of horizontally-disposed, serially-connected coils, arranged in tiers, the convolutions of the adjacent coils in each tier extending in a direction reverse to those of the next adjacent coil or coils of such tier and in a reverse direction to the convolutions of the coil irnmediately below or above it in the next tier, the convolutions of the coils of each tier passing in between the proximate convolutions of the coils of the next adjacent tier.

4. A vapor-generator, comprising, in combination, a series of horizontally-disposed, serially-connected coils, the convolutions of each coil extending in a direction reverse to those of the next adjacent coil or coils, the proximate sections of the convolutions of each of the adjacent coils being nested; means for forcing li uid into the uppermost coil; and a source o heat located beneath the lowermost coil.

5. A vapor-generator, comprising, in combination, a series of serially-connected coils, said coils being arranged in horizontal tiers, the convolutions of each coil in each tier extending in a direction reverse to that of the next coil in such tier, with the convolutions of the coils in the next adjacent tier arranged in a reverse direction, whereby the proximate convolutions of the coils of the adjacent tiers may nest a pump for forcing water into the first coil of the uppermost tier; and a source of heat located below the lowermost tier of coils.

6. A vapor-generator, comprising a series of coils, the convolutions of each coil extending in a direction reverse to that of the next adjacent coil, with the convolutions of one coil passing into spaces between the convolutions of the adjacent coil, the coils being connected in series.

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"7i A Vapoi'gleneiatoi, Comprising a series In testimony whereof have signed my of horizonta11y=disposed, serially-connected name to this specification in the presence of 1o Coils arranged one above another, the oonvotwo subscribing witnesses. lutions of each ooil extending in a direction re- T verse to those of the next adjacent ooil or WARREN S' JOHNSON .ooi1s, the proximate vertically-disposed seo- Witnesses:

tions of the convolutions of each of the adj a- JAMES W. SPENCE, cent coils being nested. ALFRED Y. ANDREWs 

